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Show categories and subcategories with 2 while statement

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I have a mysql table for categories and subcategories to order in a dropdown menu list. I thought to use a while statement into while, but i get only the first main category with relative subcategories and then the loop stop after the first record.

How i want to display it:

-1 main cat  
   -1.1 sub-cat
   -1.2 sub-cat ...and so on

-2 main cat
   - 2.1 sub-cat
   - 2.2 sub-cat...and so on

this is the simple test page:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>Test</title>
</head>
<body>

<ul>
<?php

    $main_cat = "SELECT * 
                FROM category 
                WHERE cat_parent_id = :value 
                AND cat_lang = 'gb' 
                ORDER BY cat_id ASC";
    $stmt = $con->prepare($main_cat);
    $stmt->bindValue(':value', 0, PDO::PARAM_STR);
    $stmt->execute();
    while ($row_main = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)){
        extract($row_main);   
 ?>     
<li><?php echo $cat_name; ?></li>
  <li>
   <ul>
  <?php

        $sub_cat = "SELECT * 
                    FROM category 
                    WHERE cat_parent_id = ?  
                    ORDER BY cat_id ASC";
        $stmt = $con->prepare($sub_cat);
        $stmt->bindParam(1, $cat_id);
        $stmt->execute();
        while ($row_sub = $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)){
            extract($row_sub);   
 ?>   

<li><?php echo $cat_name; ?></li>
<?php   }
    } 
?>          

    </ul>
  </li>
</ul>

 </body>
</html>

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